An Ionic bond is formed when one of the atoms can donate electrons to achieve the inert gas electron configuration and the other atom needs electrons to achieve the inert gas electron configuration.

In the cells of the Arabidopsis plant, exposure to sodium chloride (NaCl) induces the movement (translocation) of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged chloride channel, GFP-AtCLCf, from the ...

Charged particles in aqueous solutions are always surrounded by a shell of water molecules. However, much is still unknown about the nature of this so-called hydration shell. Using terahertz ...

Researchers have achieved real-time capture of the ionization process and subsequent structural changes in gas-phase molecules through an enhanced mega-electronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV ...