X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...

Definition: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is a powerful analytical technique used to characterize the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal. By measuring the angles and intensities of diffracted beams ...

X-ray crystallography, like mass spectroscopy and nuclear spectroscopy, is an extremely useful material characterization technique that is unfortunately hard for amateurs to perform. The physical ...

Particle size analysis is crucial to quality control and product development in a number of key industries including aerosols, construction, food and beverage, paint and coatings, and pharmaceuticals.

X ray spectrometry techniques are nowadays widely used in many analytical applications. The different interactions of x rays with matter have served to provide useful information for comprehensive ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a non-invasive method for determining that can be used in phase analysis investigations of crystalline materials. Image Credit: AgriTech/Shutterstock.com The essential idea ...

What is Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM)? Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) is a powerful imaging technique that combines the principles of X-ray spectroscopy and microscopy ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...